{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Darien, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Darien in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG A) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Darien",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 22020
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 4653.67
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 746406.491099
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.211338
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.0272
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "New Canaan",
    "Westport",
    "Weston",
    "Wilton",
    "Ridgefield",
    "Easton",
    "Orange",
    "Monroe",
    "South Windsor",
    "Avon",
    "Woodbridge",
    "Old Lyme"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 0.5038
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 0.6861
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 1.3536
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 1.3552
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 1.906
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 2.7859
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 2.8523
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 2.8647
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 2.873
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 2.8854
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 2.9058
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 3.0674
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 3.0769
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 3.1015
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 3.1496
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 3.1595
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 3.1716
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 3.2021
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 3.2058
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 3.2258
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 3.2448
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 3.3858
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 3.3923
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 3.428
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 3.4368
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 3.4536
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 3.603
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 3.6152
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 3.6657
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 3.6742
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 3.7109
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 3.7459
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 3.7531
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 3.7656
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 3.7706
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 3.815
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 3.8181
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 3.8659
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 3.9007
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 3.9101
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 3.926
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 3.9382
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 3.9391
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 3.9749
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 3.9825
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 4.0504
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 4.0504
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 4.0564
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 4.071
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 4.1134
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 4.1172
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 4.145
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 4.1474
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 4.1907
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 4.1972
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 4.2151
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 4.2482
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 4.2552
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 4.2904
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 4.2959
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 4.3299
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 4.3435
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 4.3695
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 4.3714
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 4.3816
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 4.3952
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 4.3969
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 4.4064
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 4.4537
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 4.4636
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 4.4641
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 4.4648
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 4.5488
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 4.5515
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 4.5544
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 4.5756
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 4.576
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 4.623
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 4.6364
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 4.6433
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 4.6546
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 4.6576
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 4.6806
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 4.7012
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 4.7073
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 4.7185
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 4.7376
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 4.7447
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 4.7666
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 4.7699
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 4.7785
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 4.7799
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 4.789
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 4.7903
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 4.7968
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 4.8123
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 4.82
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 4.8364
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 4.846
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 4.85
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 4.8517
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 4.8743
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 4.8927
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 4.9133
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 4.9155
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 4.9165
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 4.9233
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 4.9323
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 4.937
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 4.9381
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 4.9418
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 4.9661
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 4.9711
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 4.9728
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 4.9744
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 4.9999
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 5.0385
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 5.0717
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 5.0827
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 5.0838
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 5.118
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 5.1222
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 5.1348
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 5.1469
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 5.155
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 5.2033
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 5.2089
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 5.2629
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 5.2922
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 5.2988
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 5.3154
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 5.3437
    },
    {
     "town": "Washington",
     "distance": 5.3498
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 5.3615
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 5.3636
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 5.4062
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 5.4294
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 5.4428
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 5.4764
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 5.4856
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 5.5237
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 5.5383
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 5.5451
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 5.5729
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 5.5748
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 5.5761
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 5.6302
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 5.6356
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 5.6534
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 5.6713
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 5.6871
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 5.6907
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 5.6991
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 5.7044
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 5.7194
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 5.7336
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 5.7347
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 5.8256
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 5.847
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 6.1511
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 6.1725
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 6.3143
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 6.39
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 6.417
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 6.4751
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 6.9606
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 7.2388
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartford",
     "distance": 7.3716
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "New Canaan",
    "Westport",
    "Wilton",
    "Weston",
    "Ridgefield",
    "Monroe",
    "Easton",
    "Orange",
    "South Windsor",
    "Woodbridge",
    "Avon",
    "Fairfield"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 0.4175
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 0.6003
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 1.2743
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 1.3183
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 1.9016
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 2.7581
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 2.7878
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 2.844
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 2.8679
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 2.8901
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 2.9001
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 2.9424
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 2.9624
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 3.0083
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 3.0808
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 3.1144
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 3.1271
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 3.1306
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 3.1531
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 3.2252
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 3.259
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 3.3947
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 3.4132
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 3.4166
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 3.4233
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 3.4486
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 3.6346
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 3.6434
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 3.6534
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 3.7246
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 3.7283
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 3.7611
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 3.7702
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 3.7722
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 3.7727
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 3.7741
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 3.7974
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 3.8076
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 3.8348
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 3.8588
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 3.8872
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 3.9281
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 3.9551
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 3.9774
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 3.993
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 4.0128
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 4.0289
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 4.0731
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 4.0809
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 4.0898
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 4.0953
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 4.1097
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 4.1576
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 4.1587
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 4.1592
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 4.1846
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 4.2031
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 4.2415
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 4.2692
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 4.2977
    },
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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 }
}