{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Hartford, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Hartford in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG I) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Hartford",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 119669
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 18567.15
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 57140.086171
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.155154
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.0461
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Waterbury",
    "New Britain",
    "East Hartford",
    "Windham",
    "Bridgeport",
    "Meriden",
    "Norwich",
    "Ansonia",
    "West Haven",
    "New Haven",
    "Bristol",
    "Naugatuck"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 1.0743
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 1.2591
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 2.0144
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 2.0165
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 2.0504
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 2.2158
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 2.7326
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 2.871
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 3.0372
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 3.0568
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 3.1694
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 3.1773
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 3.2656
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 3.3224
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 3.4184
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 3.4649
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 3.5379
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 3.6281
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 3.646
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 3.7793
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 3.86
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 3.9267
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 3.9273
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 3.9968
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 4.0024
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 4.0251
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 4.0667
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 4.0817
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 4.1086
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 4.1797
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 4.2183
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 4.2269
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 4.2312
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 4.2508
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 4.3543
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 4.3697
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 4.3942
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 4.4304
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 4.4457
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 4.5115
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 4.5667
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 4.5842
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 4.5844
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 4.6106
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 4.6199
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 4.6447
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 4.6636
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 4.6657
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 4.6665
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 4.6666
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 4.7084
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 4.7358
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 4.7667
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 4.7723
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 4.7773
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 4.805
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 4.9085
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 4.9175
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 4.9385
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 4.9488
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 4.9495
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 4.9652
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 4.9661
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 4.9669
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 5.0085
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 5.0347
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 5.0367
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 5.0449
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 5.0481
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 5.0511
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 5.0596
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 5.0636
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 5.082
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 5.0951
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 5.1093
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 5.1212
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 5.1321
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 5.1496
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 5.1701
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 5.1909
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 5.2004
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 5.2247
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 5.2394
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 5.2406
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 5.2555
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 5.2701
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 5.279
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 5.289
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 5.3134
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 5.3182
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 5.327
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 5.3321
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 5.3352
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 5.3471
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 5.3531
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 5.3747
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 5.4059
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 5.4101
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 5.4138
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 5.4445
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 5.4624
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 5.4872
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 5.4942
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 5.5284
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 5.5501
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 5.5528
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 5.554
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 5.5569
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 5.5883
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 5.629
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 5.6733
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 5.687
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 5.6904
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 5.697
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 5.7295
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 5.7638
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 5.7816
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 5.7869
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 5.8098
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 5.8122
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 5.8351
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 5.8594
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 5.889
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 5.939
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 5.9507
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 5.9545
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 5.9591
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 6.073
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 6.0805
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 6.1109
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 6.1367
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 6.1469
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 6.1481
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 6.1706
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 6.2172
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 6.2209
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 6.251
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 6.3044
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 6.32
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 6.3734
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 6.4134
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 6.4682
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 6.52
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 6.6311
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 6.6806
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 6.7395
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 6.7676
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 6.7768
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 6.8149
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 6.8449
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 6.9642
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 6.9655
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 7.0205
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 7.0379
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 7.0391
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 7.1475
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 7.3716
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 7.4207
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 7.4394
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 7.4777
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 7.5729
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 7.7294
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 7.901
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 8.1695
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 8.3408
    },
    {
     "town": "Washington",
     "distance": 8.5531
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 8.8596
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 9.032
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "New Britain",
    "Waterbury",
    "Meriden",
    "East Hartford",
    "Bridgeport",
    "New Haven",
    "Windham",
    "Naugatuck",
    "Norwich",
    "West Haven",
    "Manchester",
    "Bristol"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 0.8623
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 0.9554
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 1.2762
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 1.356
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 1.5989
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 1.6314
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 1.7937
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 1.8986
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 1.9044
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 1.9282
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 1.9987
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 2.1664
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 2.3081
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 2.3775
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 2.4249
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 2.4856
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 2.5341
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 2.5482
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 2.5545
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 2.5712
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 2.6036
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 2.6183
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 2.6287
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 2.6332
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 2.6547
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 2.7183
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 2.7245
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 2.7301
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 2.7341
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 2.744
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 2.7561
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 2.7958
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 2.7988
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 2.8063
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 2.8117
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 2.815
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 2.9279
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 2.9474
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 2.9477
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 2.9801
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 3.0016
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 3.0067
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 3.0108
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 3.0111
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 3.0154
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 3.0364
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 3.0562
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 3.0838
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 3.0963
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 3.1176
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 3.1185
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 3.1215
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 3.127
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 3.1454
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 3.1635
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 3.1799
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 3.1942
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 3.1955
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 3.2187
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 3.2371
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
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   ]
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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   "percentile": 99.4,
   "statewide_median": 0.2055
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 }
}