{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Oxford, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Oxford in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG C) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Oxford",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 13125
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 1774.86
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 237574.297219
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.135227
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.0279
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "East Lyme",
    "Berlin",
    "North Haven",
    "Rocky Hill",
    "Suffield",
    "East Hampton",
    "Haddam",
    "Guilford",
    "Brookfield",
    "Canton",
    "Newtown",
    "Burlington"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 0.5002
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 0.5134
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 0.5768
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 0.5876
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 0.6661
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 0.6714
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 0.6816
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 0.6849
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 0.7331
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 0.7655
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 0.7666
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 0.8012
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 0.8139
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 0.8139
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 0.8265
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 0.8287
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 0.8345
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 0.8513
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 0.856
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 0.8836
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 0.9185
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 0.9191
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 0.9296
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 0.9342
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 0.9498
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 0.9912
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 1.0006
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 1.0196
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 1.0205
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 1.0278
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 1.0524
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 1.071
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 1.0866
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 1.0918
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 1.0968
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 1.101
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 1.1085
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 1.1196
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 1.1285
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 1.1395
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 1.1401
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 1.1472
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 1.1577
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 1.1596
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 1.1637
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 1.1677
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 1.1889
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 1.2171
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 1.2193
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 1.2305
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 1.2307
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 1.2505
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 1.2649
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 1.2787
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 1.2855
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 1.2859
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 1.2929
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 1.3112
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 1.321
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 1.3228
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 1.3652
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 1.4089
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.4096
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 1.4104
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 1.4201
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 1.4289
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 1.4672
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 1.4832
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 1.4985
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 1.5007
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 1.5016
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 1.532
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 1.5339
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 1.5385
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 1.5397
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 1.5507
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 1.6063
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 1.6164
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 1.6437
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 1.6625
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 1.6725
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 1.686
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 1.7062
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 1.7266
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 1.7452
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 1.7627
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 1.7685
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 1.7755
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 1.7788
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 1.779
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 1.8009
    },
    {
     "town": "Stafford",
     "distance": 1.8115
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 1.814
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 1.8207
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 1.8528
    },
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 1.8539
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 1.8569
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 1.862
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 1.8628
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 1.8793
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 1.8975
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 1.9037
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 1.9162
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 1.9166
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 1.9593
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 1.979
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 2.013
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 2.0171
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 2.021
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 2.1307
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 2.1434
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 2.152
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 2.1923
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 2.2107
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 2.2216
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 2.2487
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 2.2516
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 2.2585
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 2.2633
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 2.2763
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 2.2859
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 2.2863
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 2.2932
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 2.2993
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 2.3189
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 2.3223
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 2.3257
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 2.3509
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 2.3587
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 2.395
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 2.4588
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 2.478
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 2.509
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 2.5286
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 2.6466
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 2.6562
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 2.7361
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 2.7755
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 2.8216
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 2.9357
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 2.9665
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 2.9727
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 2.998
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 3.0094
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 3.0152
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 3.0268
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 3.0285
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 3.1078
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 3.1101
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 3.1126
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 3.1734
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 3.2306
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 3.3043
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 3.3087
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 3.342
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 3.346
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 3.5264
    },
    {
     "town": "Washington",
     "distance": 3.5577
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 3.7109
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 3.7394
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 3.7559
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 3.7604
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 3.9376
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 3.9552
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 4.2371
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 4.2486
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 5.4532
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartford",
     "distance": 5.4942
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Cromwell",
    "East Lyme",
    "Berlin",
    "Windsor Locks",
    "North Haven",
    "Rocky Hill",
    "Haddam",
    "Brookfield",
    "Guilford",
    "Suffield",
    "Prospect",
    "East Hampton"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 0.3412
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 0.419
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 0.4642
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 0.4811
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 0.4955
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 0.5148
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 0.5748
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 0.5911
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 0.6414
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 0.6441
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 0.6615
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 0.6621
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 0.6769
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 0.688
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 0.7063
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 0.7066
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 0.7132
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 0.7196
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 0.7567
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 0.759
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 0.774
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 0.7949
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 0.8097
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 0.8162
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 0.8166
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 0.8309
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 0.8423
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 0.8481
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 0.8507
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 0.8523
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 0.8542
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 0.8555
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 0.859
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 0.8653
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 0.9015
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 0.9283
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 0.9514
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 0.9554
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 0.9573
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 0.9672
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 0.9825
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 0.9902
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 1.0166
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 1.0542
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 1.0561
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 1.073
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 1.081
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 1.0819
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 1.0899
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 1.1043
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 1.1129
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 1.1202
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 1.1301
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 1.1347
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 1.1362
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 1.1366
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 1.1382
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 1.1551
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 1.1743
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 1.1794
    },
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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   "percentile": 47.3,
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 }
}