{
 "metadata": {
  "purpose": "Rule-based peer sets for Stafford, derived from published state data by a stated formula rather than selected by hand.",
  "built_by": "Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "recipe": "python Data/fetch_ct_ucoa.py && python Data/build_peer_sets.py",
  "input_file": "src/data/ct_ucoa_town_indicators.json",
  "source": "CT Office of Policy and Management — Municipal Fiscal Indicators (Uniform Chart of Accounts program)",
  "dataset_id": "ej6f-y2wf",
  "source_url": "https://data.ct.gov/resource/ej6f-y2wf.json",
  "pulled": "2026-08-25",
  "dataset_last_updated": "2026-03-03",
  "match_year": "FY 22-23 (OPM fiscal_year_end 2023)",
  "rule": "Standardize each variable across all towns (log-transforming the skewed size and wealth variables), then rank towns by Euclidean distance to Stafford in that standardized space. Variables are equally weighted. Nearest 12 are the peer set.",
  "why_logs": "Population, enrollment, and grand list per resident are heavily right-skewed. On raw values a few outlier towns dominate the variance and flatten real differences among mid-sized towns; on logs, the unit of distance becomes 'twice as big', which is the comparison that makes sense here.",
  "weighting_note": "Equal weights are a stated choice, not a fact. They were not tuned to produce a particular list.",
  "wealth_proxy_note": "Equalized net grand list per resident stands in for community wealth: it is the tax base per person restated to full market value, and it is the quantity that constrains what a mill rate can raise. Median household income would be a useful additional variable but the Census ACS API now requires a key.",
  "relationship_to_existing_sets": "Additional, not a replacement. The hand-built sets (Surrounding towns, DRG F) remain in use everywhere they already appear. Where this set and those sets disagree, the disagreement is itself worth showing.",
  "drg_note": "CT SDE District Reference Groups were created in 1996, last reassigned in 2006 on roughly 2000-census inputs, and have not been updated since. They were designed to compare school districts on family demographics — appropriate for education questions, not for municipal operations, and blind to town size.",
  "excluded": [
   "Groton (city)"
  ],
  "dropped_for_missing_data": [],
  "town_count_ranked": 169
 },
 "target": "Stafford",
 "variable_stats": {
  "population": {
   "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 9.392518,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.111223,
   "target_raw": 11567
  },
  "enrollment": {
   "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 7.309335,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 1.228189,
   "target_raw": 1418.35
  },
  "grand_list_per_capita": {
   "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
   "log_transformed": true,
   "mean_of_transformed": 12.211418,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.467644,
   "target_raw": 138397.14014
  },
  "school_age_share": {
   "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.127697,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.027724,
   "target_raw": 0.12262
  },
  "unemployment": {
   "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
   "log_transformed": false,
   "mean_of_transformed": 0.030079,
   "stdev_of_transformed": 0.00449,
   "target_raw": 0.0338
  }
 },
 "peer_sets": {
  "municipal": {
   "label": "Municipal peers",
   "purpose": "Town-side spending, debt, reserves, and tax comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "population",
     "label": "Population (CT DPH estimate)",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    },
    {
     "key": "unemployment",
     "label": "Unemployment rate, annual average",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Putnam",
    "Plainfield",
    "Thomaston",
    "Seymour",
    "Griswold",
    "Plainville",
    "Killingly",
    "Coventry",
    "Portland",
    "Brooklyn",
    "Wolcott",
    "Plymouth"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 0.2788
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 0.4192
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 0.4678
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 0.4736
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 0.6983
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 0.7003
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 0.7433
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 0.753
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 0.7944
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 0.798
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 0.8095
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 0.8508
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 0.8837
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 0.8934
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 0.8934
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 0.909
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 0.9256
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 0.9545
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 1.0204
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 1.0243
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 1.0289
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 1.0309
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 1.0458
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 1.0474
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 1.0877
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 1.1046
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 1.1048
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 1.1061
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 1.1453
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 1.1811
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 1.1826
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 1.1904
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 1.2092
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 1.2432
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 1.2511
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 1.2753
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 1.2864
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 1.2873
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 1.315
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 1.3243
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 1.332
    },
    {
     "town": "Naugatuck",
     "distance": 1.3371
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 1.3626
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor",
     "distance": 1.3924
    },
    {
     "town": "North Canaan",
     "distance": 1.4007
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 1.4455
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 1.455
    },
    {
     "town": "Shelton",
     "distance": 1.4879
    },
    {
     "town": "Ellington",
     "distance": 1.5093
    },
    {
     "town": "Andover",
     "distance": 1.5285
    },
    {
     "town": "West Haven",
     "distance": 1.5446
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwich",
     "distance": 1.5462
    },
    {
     "town": "Manchester",
     "distance": 1.5562
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 1.5744
    },
    {
     "town": "Bristol",
     "distance": 1.5781
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 1.6085
    },
    {
     "town": "New Milford",
     "distance": 1.6136
    },
    {
     "town": "Canton",
     "distance": 1.6251
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 1.6348
    },
    {
     "town": "Southbury",
     "distance": 1.651
    },
    {
     "town": "Stratford",
     "distance": 1.6545
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 1.6641
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 1.6959
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 1.6972
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbury",
     "distance": 1.6979
    },
    {
     "town": "Brookfield",
     "distance": 1.7017
    },
    {
     "town": "Hamden",
     "distance": 1.7099
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 1.7337
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 1.7485
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethlehem",
     "distance": 1.7552
    },
    {
     "town": "Middletown",
     "distance": 1.7661
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 1.7827
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlebury",
     "distance": 1.7861
    },
    {
     "town": "Chaplin",
     "distance": 1.7961
    },
    {
     "town": "Oxford",
     "distance": 1.8115
    },
    {
     "town": "Marlborough",
     "distance": 1.8262
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 1.8271
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 1.8299
    },
    {
     "town": "North Haven",
     "distance": 1.8329
    },
    {
     "town": "Wallingford",
     "distance": 1.8401
    },
    {
     "town": "Bolton",
     "distance": 1.8743
    },
    {
     "town": "New Fairfield",
     "distance": 1.877
    },
    {
     "town": "Ledyard",
     "distance": 1.886
    },
    {
     "town": "Granby",
     "distance": 1.893
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 1.9042
    },
    {
     "town": "Voluntown",
     "distance": 1.9101
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 1.9177
    },
    {
     "town": "Southington",
     "distance": 1.941
    },
    {
     "town": "Cheshire",
     "distance": 1.954
    },
    {
     "town": "North Stonington",
     "distance": 1.9616
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterford",
     "distance": 1.9684
    },
    {
     "town": "Chester",
     "distance": 1.9803
    },
    {
     "town": "Litchfield",
     "distance": 1.9836
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 2.0137
    },
    {
     "town": "Burlington",
     "distance": 2.0149
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethel",
     "distance": 2.0312
    },
    {
     "town": "Newtown",
     "distance": 2.0443
    },
    {
     "town": "Barkhamsted",
     "distance": 2.0628
    },
    {
     "town": "Meriden",
     "distance": 2.1348
    },
    {
     "town": "Deep River",
     "distance": 2.16
    },
    {
     "town": "Branford",
     "distance": 2.1618
    },
    {
     "town": "Redding",
     "distance": 2.1634
    },
    {
     "town": "Milford",
     "distance": 2.1802
    },
    {
     "town": "Franklin",
     "distance": 2.2218
    },
    {
     "town": "Clinton",
     "distance": 2.2377
    },
    {
     "town": "Stonington",
     "distance": 2.2841
    },
    {
     "town": "Eastford",
     "distance": 2.2842
    },
    {
     "town": "Windham",
     "distance": 2.2982
    },
    {
     "town": "Tolland",
     "distance": 2.2988
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 2.3021
    },
    {
     "town": "New Haven",
     "distance": 2.304
    },
    {
     "town": "Danbury",
     "distance": 2.333
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hartford",
     "distance": 2.3491
    },
    {
     "town": "Guilford",
     "distance": 2.3504
    },
    {
     "town": "East Granby",
     "distance": 2.3599
    },
    {
     "town": "Scotland",
     "distance": 2.4033
    },
    {
     "town": "Simsbury",
     "distance": 2.4095
    },
    {
     "town": "Westbrook",
     "distance": 2.4186
    },
    {
     "town": "Colebrook",
     "distance": 2.4356
    },
    {
     "town": "Mansfield",
     "distance": 2.4601
    },
    {
     "town": "Monroe",
     "distance": 2.5117
    },
    {
     "town": "Avon",
     "distance": 2.5309
    },
    {
     "town": "Bethany",
     "distance": 2.5349
    },
    {
     "town": "Easton",
     "distance": 2.535
    },
    {
     "town": "Trumbull",
     "distance": 2.5435
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartland",
     "distance": 2.5479
    },
    {
     "town": "Norwalk",
     "distance": 2.5651
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 2.6376
    },
    {
     "town": "Fairfield",
     "distance": 2.6529
    },
    {
     "town": "West Hartford",
     "distance": 2.6561
    },
    {
     "town": "Madison",
     "distance": 2.682
    },
    {
     "town": "Bozrah",
     "distance": 2.7013
    },
    {
     "town": "Farmington",
     "distance": 2.7232
    },
    {
     "town": "Morris",
     "distance": 2.7262
    },
    {
     "town": "Hampton",
     "distance": 2.7552
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Lyme",
     "distance": 2.7834
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgeport",
     "distance": 2.7997
    },
    {
     "town": "Orange",
     "distance": 2.8349
    },
    {
     "town": "New Britain",
     "distance": 2.9016
    },
    {
     "town": "Sherman",
     "distance": 2.9429
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodbridge",
     "distance": 2.9459
    },
    {
     "town": "Glastonbury",
     "distance": 2.949
    },
    {
     "town": "South Windsor",
     "distance": 3.0148
    },
    {
     "town": "Canaan",
     "distance": 3.0421
    },
    {
     "town": "Stamford",
     "distance": 3.0442
    },
    {
     "town": "Old Saybrook",
     "distance": 3.0655
    },
    {
     "town": "Union",
     "distance": 3.0741
    },
    {
     "town": "Essex",
     "distance": 3.0872
    },
    {
     "town": "Ridgefield",
     "distance": 3.3484
    },
    {
     "town": "Goshen",
     "distance": 3.353
    },
    {
     "town": "Norfolk",
     "distance": 3.3894
    },
    {
     "town": "Lyme",
     "distance": 3.5443
    },
    {
     "town": "Kent",
     "distance": 3.5649
    },
    {
     "town": "Warren",
     "distance": 3.8871
    },
    {
     "town": "Salisbury",
     "distance": 4.0439
    },
    {
     "town": "Hartford",
     "distance": 4.1086
    },
    {
     "town": "Bridgewater",
     "distance": 4.121
    },
    {
     "town": "Waterbury",
     "distance": 4.18
    },
    {
     "town": "Wilton",
     "distance": 4.2427
    },
    {
     "town": "Cornwall",
     "distance": 4.2711
    },
    {
     "town": "Weston",
     "distance": 4.2711
    },
    {
     "town": "Greenwich",
     "distance": 4.3373
    },
    {
     "town": "New Canaan",
     "distance": 4.6127
    },
    {
     "town": "Washington",
     "distance": 4.6546
    },
    {
     "town": "Westport",
     "distance": 4.6798
    },
    {
     "town": "Roxbury",
     "distance": 4.8475
    },
    {
     "town": "Darien",
     "distance": 5.0717
    },
    {
     "town": "Sharon",
     "distance": 5.1095
    }
   ]
  },
  "school": {
   "label": "School peers",
   "purpose": "Education spending comparisons.",
   "variables": [
    {
     "key": "enrollment",
     "label": "Average Daily Membership enrollment",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "grand_list_per_capita",
     "label": "Equalized net grand list per resident",
     "log_transformed": true
    },
    {
     "key": "school_age_share",
     "label": "Enrollment as a share of population",
     "log_transformed": false
    }
   ],
   "peers": [
    "Putnam",
    "Derby",
    "Somers",
    "Portland",
    "Montville",
    "Thomaston",
    "Killingly",
    "Plainfield",
    "Seymour",
    "Coventry",
    "Plymouth",
    "Plainville"
   ],
   "ranked": [
    {
     "town": "Putnam",
     "distance": 0.2529
    },
    {
     "town": "Derby",
     "distance": 0.2857
    },
    {
     "town": "Somers",
     "distance": 0.2945
    },
    {
     "town": "Portland",
     "distance": 0.3202
    },
    {
     "town": "Montville",
     "distance": 0.3809
    },
    {
     "town": "Thomaston",
     "distance": 0.3959
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingly",
     "distance": 0.4045
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainfield",
     "distance": 0.4403
    },
    {
     "town": "Seymour",
     "distance": 0.4728
    },
    {
     "town": "Coventry",
     "distance": 0.4908
    },
    {
     "town": "Plymouth",
     "distance": 0.497
    },
    {
     "town": "Plainville",
     "distance": 0.5176
    },
    {
     "town": "Hebron",
     "distance": 0.5866
    },
    {
     "town": "Beacon Falls",
     "distance": 0.6153
    },
    {
     "town": "North Branford",
     "distance": 0.6201
    },
    {
     "town": "Ansonia",
     "distance": 0.6348
    },
    {
     "town": "Watertown",
     "distance": 0.6634
    },
    {
     "town": "Suffield",
     "distance": 0.6702
    },
    {
     "town": "Griswold",
     "distance": 0.6812
    },
    {
     "town": "Winchester",
     "distance": 0.6921
    },
    {
     "town": "Columbia",
     "distance": 0.7129
    },
    {
     "town": "Canterbury",
     "distance": 0.7408
    },
    {
     "town": "Wolcott",
     "distance": 0.7524
    },
    {
     "town": "Brooklyn",
     "distance": 0.753
    },
    {
     "town": "East Hampton",
     "distance": 0.7619
    },
    {
     "town": "Durham",
     "distance": 0.7651
    },
    {
     "town": "New Hartford",
     "distance": 0.7667
    },
    {
     "town": "Prospect",
     "distance": 0.7693
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haven",
     "distance": 0.7805
    },
    {
     "town": "Lebanon",
     "distance": 0.7857
    },
    {
     "town": "New London",
     "distance": 0.7871
    },
    {
     "town": "Colchester",
     "distance": 0.7875
    },
    {
     "town": "Windsor Locks",
     "distance": 0.8364
    },
    {
     "town": "Haddam",
     "distance": 0.858
    },
    {
     "town": "Salem",
     "distance": 0.8608
    },
    {
     "town": "Ashford",
     "distance": 0.9055
    },
    {
     "town": "Lisbon",
     "distance": 0.9226
    },
    {
     "town": "East Haddam",
     "distance": 0.9292
    },
    {
     "town": "Woodstock",
     "distance": 0.9321
    },
    {
     "town": "Thompson",
     "distance": 0.9481
    },
    {
     "town": "Willington",
     "distance": 0.9533
    },
    {
     "town": "Bloomfield",
     "distance": 0.9563
    },
    {
     "town": "Sterling",
     "distance": 0.9655
    },
    {
     "town": "Killingworth",
     "distance": 0.9664
    },
    {
     "town": "Torrington",
     "distance": 0.9664
    },
    {
     "town": "Preston",
     "distance": 0.9687
    },
    {
     "town": "Newington",
     "distance": 0.9722
    },
    {
     "town": "Rocky Hill",
     "distance": 1.0055
    },
    {
     "town": "Pomfret",
     "distance": 1.0188
    },
    {
     "town": "Harwinton",
     "distance": 1.0277
    },
    {
     "town": "East Lyme",
     "distance": 1.0322
    },
    {
     "town": "Vernon",
     "distance": 1.0521
    },
    {
     "town": "Enfield",
     "distance": 1.0549
    },
    {
     "town": "Berlin",
     "distance": 1.0618
    },
    {
     "town": "East Windsor",
     "distance": 1.075
    },
    {
     "town": "Groton",
     "distance": 1.0824
    },
    {
     "town": "Middlefield",
     "distance": 1.0827
    },
    {
     "town": "Cromwell",
     "distance": 1.0923
    },
    {
     "town": "Sprague",
     "distance": 1.1119
    },
    {
     "town": "Wethersfield",
     "distance": 1.1368
    },
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 },
 "target_statewide_percentiles": {
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   "percentile": 66.9,
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   "percentile": 82.2,
   "statewide_median": 0.2055
  }
 }
}